Radio apparatus



6 Sheets-Sheet R. A. KLOCK RADI O APPARATUS Filed July .30. 1923 May 1&3? 1930.

V N 0R.

/M ATTORNE R. A. KLOCK RADIO APPARATUS May 13, 1930.

Filed July 30, 1923 6 Sheets-Sheet [EEE-LEE J ECE Jj ff ml L Y ma WW, @di 0 M ATTORNEYS May 13, 1930. R. A. KLocK 1,758,003 'RADIO APPARATUS Filed Uuly 30, 1923 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 May l3, 1930. R. A. KLOCK 1,758,003

RADIO APPARATUS Filed July 30, 1923 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 BY Mr /w ATTORNEY.)

May 13, 1930. R. A. LOCK 1,758,003

RADO APPARATUS Filed July 30,'1923 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 R. A. KLOCK RADIO APPARATUS Filed July 30, v1925 E5 Sheets-Sheet Patented May 13, 1930 UNITED STATES PA'ENT OFFICE RAYMOND A. KLOCK, OF CLOSTER, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD STORAGE BAT- TERY COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK RADIO APPARATUS Application med July 30,

My invention relatesto radio apparatus` and particularly to means for chargmg the batteries and using the radio set at the same time and to means vfor readilyvarying the applied voltages to the detector and amplifying tubes of the set. My invention also includes means for covering the numerous wires and conductors so as to protect them from the action of the battery gases, thus prolonging the lives of the conductors and adding greatly to the value, appearance and convenience of the set.

My invention relates to the arrangement of the various elements of the set and to certain novel connections and circuit arrangenrents which will be fully described hereina ter.

My invention will be better understood by reading the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a top plan view or" a unit for use on direct current; Fig 2 is a side elevation of the unit shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a toplplan view of a unit for use on alternating current; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the unit shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a B-battery unit for use on alternating current; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the unit shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the unit shown in Figs. 5 and 6; Fig. 8 is a top plan View of a combination A and B-battery unit for use on the alternating current; Fig. 9 is a sectional view through a battery vent cap; Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic circuit arrangement for the unit shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram showing the connections for charging an A- battery with two rectifiers; Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the connections for charging an A-battery with one rectifier and B- batteries with two rectifiers, a common transformer being used for both chargin outts, and Fig. 13 shows a B-battery switch in elevation.

Referring to the drawings (Figs. 1, 2 and 10), a container 1, holds an A-battery 2, a switch plate 3 and resistance 4. A meter 5 is located on the switch plate. The container 1 is divided into three compartments A, B and C by walls D and E. The battery 2 is 1923. Serial No. 654,565.

placed in compartment A; the switch plate 3 in the compartment B and the resistances 4 in the compartment C.

The terminal 6 of the battery 2 is connected by a conductor 7, with one end of the resistances 4, which resistances are connected in parallel. The other end of the resistances 4 are connected with a terminal 8. The positive terminal 9 of the battery 2 is connected with the meter 5 which, in turn, is connected with the terminal 10 on'the switch plate 3. The terminal 11 is connected with the terminal 12. A terminal 13 is connected with a terminal 14, and the terminals 15, 16, 17 and 18 are connected at intervals with a resistance l19 as shown in Fig. 10. One end of the resistance 19 is connected to the battery terminal 6 through a conductor 20. A conductor 21, provided with a grip adapted to fit over the terminals or prods 15, 16, 17 and 18, may be connected with either desired one of the prods or terminals 15 to 18. Between the terminals 22 and 23 is connected a condenser 24 one side of nwhich is connected to the receiving set by a wire 25 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 and the other end of which is connected to the ground 26.

A switch 27 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 connects the terminals 10 and 11 together and also in another position connects the terminals 10 and 13 together. This switch is preferably like that shown and described in the application of William S; Gould and Raymond A. Kloek, Serial No. 652,049 filed July 17, 1923, but obviously other forms of switch may be used. When the terminals 10 and 11 are connected together, the unit is properly connected for charging the' battery and when the terminals 10 and 13 are connected together the unit is properly connected for operating the receiving set. The power for charging the battery is supplied from the ordinary domestic circuit through the terminals 8 and 12.

Occasions ma arise when it is desired to operate the receiving set at the same time the battery 2 is connected to the line. By the provision of the condenser 24 in the circuit as shown in Fig. 10 and by connecting together the terminals 10 and 11 and by transfcrring the wire 26 to the terminal 9, the reand 46 correspond with prods 145 and 142,Y

ceiving set may be operated while the battery is connected to the 11ne without any objectionable noise from the source of supply. The terminal 9 is provided witha special lug upon which the grip on the wire 26 may be plugged.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a unit comprising a container 28, a battery 29, switch plate 30 and and a rectifier 31. The container 28 is di-A vided int'o camp-artments similar to the compartments A, B and C ofthe container 1. The compartment A contains the battery 29, the compartment B contains the switch plate 30 and the compartment C contains the rectifier 31. The prods 32 and 33 are connected to the ends of the primary of a transformer, (not shown). One end of the secondary of the transformer is connected to the prod 34 and the other end of the transformer is connected to one terminal 35 of the rectifier and the other terminal 36 of the rectifier is connected to one terminal 37 of the battery. The other terminal 38 of the battery is connected to the prod 39 so that when the terminals 34 and 39 are connected together the energy which may be supplied from the ordinary domestic circuit to the terminals or prods 32 and 33 passes through the transformer and the rectifier to the battery to charge the same. The vswitch plate 30 also carries prods 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44. In operation and function the prods 41 to 44, correspond with the prods 147 to 150. shown in Fig. 11, and the prods 34, 39 and 40 correspond with the prods 137, 138 and 141, respectively of Fig. .-11. Also the prods 32 and 33 correspond with the prods 132 and 133, respectively of Fig. 11 and the prods 45 respectively of Fig. 11. The function of these prods will be described in detail in connection with Fig. 11 which illustrates one of the circuit diagrams therefor.

It will be observed that the compartments A, B and C are separated by partitions 28a and that a similar element 28b is interposed between the rectifier and the adjacent end of the container or case 28, and it is preferable that these members be formed with vertical fines or'channels 28C. The provision of these members is` an limportant feature for the reason that they provide heat insulating means between the compartments and particularly about the rectifier. In the operation of a rectifier, particularly one of the dry type, considerable heat is evolved and in a unitary structure such as this the heat generated may, unless dissipated, cause excessive evaporation of the electrolyte in the storage battery. By providing these spacing, partition or heat insulating members and especially by forming them with the air flues adequate protection against overheating is avoided. Furthermore the location of the compartment B between the compartments A and C containing partment C carries the battery 49 and the rectifier 52. The switch plate carries prods 55, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60 and a switch 61. The circuit connections for the unit shown i n Fig. 5 are shown in Fig. 12 in connection with the circuit connections for an A-battery and a rectifier for charging the same.

Fig. 8 shows a unit comprising a container carrying three B-batteries 62, 63 and 64 and an A-battery 65, a rectifier 66 for the A-battery and two rectifiers 67 and 68 'for the B-batteries and a switch plate 69. A complete wiring diagram for the unit shown Fig. 8 is shown in Fig. 12.v The container like the others heretofore described is divided into three compartments A, B and C. I

The compartment A contains the B-battery 62 and two B-battery rectifiers`67 and 68, the compartment B contains the switch plate 69, A-battery rectifier 66 and A-battery 65. The compartment C contains the B-batteries 63 and 64. The conductors for connecting the parts of the unit may be arranged in runways or grooves in the partitions as illustrated.

The switch plate 69 is provided with a number of prods through which a great variety of circuit connections may be made. TheV transformer rimary 70 is connected to the prods 71 and 2 which may be connected with the domestic lighting circuit to furnish the energy for charging the batteries or operating a receiving set. One end of the secondary 7 3 is connected to a prod 74 and an intermediate point on the secondary 73 is connected to one element 75 of the rectifier 66 through a conductor 76. The other element 77 of the rectifier is connected to the negative terminal 78 of the battery 65?* The positive terminal 79 of the battery 65 is connected to a prod 80 of the switch plate. When the prods 74 and 80 are connected together the battery 65 is connected with a portion of the transformer secondary through the" rectifier 66 and is, therefore, charged therethrough. The switch plate is also provided with prods 81, 82 and 83. When the prods 80 and 81 are connected together the rectifier is disv connected from the battery and the battery connected tothe prods 82 and 83 which are, 1n turn, to be connected to the receiving set and which receiving set is, therefore, fed by thebattery. 'I he prod 83 is connected to the negative side ot the battery through conductor 84 which may be connected to any desired one of' the prods 85, 86, 87 or 88, which are connected at intervals along the resistance 89 so that the voltage between the prods 82 and 83-1nay he varied by varying the connection on these prods. The resistance 89 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery through conductors 90 and 91, shown in Fig. l2.

One end of the secondary 73 is connected through a wire 92 to contacts 93 and 93 on a switch shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12 and in sectional elevation in Fig. 13. The other end ot the secondary 73 is connected with one of the elements 94 of the B-battery rectifier 68. A dissimilar element 95 of the rectifier 67 is connected with the element 94 by a conductor 96. The element 97 of the rectifier 68 is connected to a contact 98 and the element 99 of the rectiiier 67 is connected to a contact 100. The positive terminal of the 'l-battery 64 is connected to terminal 101, the positive terminal of the B-battery 63 is connected to 102 and the positive terminal of the B-battery 69 is connected to the contact 103. The middle point of the battery 64 is connected to terminal 104, the middle point of the battery 63 is connected to 105, and the middle point of the battery 62 is connected to the terminal 106. The negative terminal of the battery 64 is connected to a contact 107 and also to the prod 108. The negative terminal of the battery 63 is connected to the terminals 109, and 110 and the negative terminal ofthe battery 62 is connected to the terminals 111 and 112. The terminal 113 is connected with the prod 114. The prod 115 is connected to the point 116 on the battery 64, the prod 117 is connected to the point 118 on the battery 64, the prod 119 is connected with the point 120 of the battery 64 and the prod 121 is connected with the point 122 of the battery 64. These connections are for the purpose of varying the voltage on the detector tube.

The switch shown in sectional elevation in Fig. 13 comprises a base 123 into which the contacts 93, 93', 98, 100 to 107, and 109 to 113, inclusive, are embedded. A movable element 124 is arranged above the plate 123 and carries a series of contacts, two of which are shown at 125 and 126. The member 124 together with the contacts carried thereby, is movable for the purpose of making certain connections Which will now be described in detail.

When it is desired to charge the B-batteries the member 124 is moved to the left or positioned as viewed in Fig. 13 whereupon the contacts 101, 102 and 103 are connected to the contact 100 and are therethrough connected together; contacts 104 and 105 are connected to the contact 93 and therethrough are connected together; the contacts '107, 109

and 111 are connected to the contact 98 and therethrough are connected together and contacts 106 and 93 are connected together and to contact 93. By this movement of the switch the batteries 62, 63 and 64 are connected in multiple and are connected to the rectifiers 67 and 68 and to the transformer so that the batteries are charged through the rectifiers 67 and 68 from the line which is connected to terminals 71 and 72. It will be noted that, in the embodiment illustrated, each battery is shown as coinposed of twelve cells so that, assuming that each cell has a potential of approximately two volts, the normal voltage required for charging the batteries if they were merely arranged in multiple or parallel would be approximately twenty-four volts or about four times the voltage required for charging the A-battery which is illustrated as composed of three cells. By having taps to the mid-points of these batteries and having these mid-points, when the batteries are charged, connected to one side of the transformer secondary through contacts 93 and 93 and conductor92 with the rectifier 67 properly connected to the plus poles of the batteries and the rectifier 68 connected in the opposite manner to the minus poles of the batteries, the charging Vvoltage required is cut in half as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. By the arrangement disclosed, the rectifier 67 charges during the half cycles in one direction through the positive halves of batteries 62, 63 and 64, whereas the rectifier 68 charges during the opposite half cycles through the negative halves ot said; B-batteries. An important result is secured by the foregoing arrangement in that both Waves or half cycles of the alternating current are utilized for charging the B-batteries, and the voltage used for charging said batteries is approximately double that used for charging the A-battery 65 so that the charging tap to the A-battery is taken from approximately the midpoint of the secondary coil 73. If the charging of the B-batteries was effected while the same were connected merely in multiple Without any connection to the midpoints and a single transformer were used for both the A and B-batteries, the charging tap for the A-battery would only include about one quarter of the secondary winding instead of one half and a much less eliicient arrangement would be secured.

When it is desired to operate the receiving set the member 124 as viewed in Fig. 13 is moved to the right so that contacts 101 and 110 are connected together, contacts 102 and 112 are connected together and contacts 103 and 113 are connected together and contacts `formerly made are broken. This movement of the member 124 has the etl'ect of connecting the batteries 62, 63 and 64 in series and the full voltage of the three batteries is impressed between the prods 108 and 114. Be-

cause of the disconnection of the transformer and rectiers from the B-batteries by the movement of 'the switch 12.4 to the right, it will be apparent that, according to this embodiment of lthe invention, the B-batteries can not becharged at the 'same time the receiving set is operated. The main reason for this difference as'cornpared with some of the formerly disclosed embodiments 'isibeca'use of the arrangement whereby the B-batteries are charged in multiple and discharged in series, it-being obvious voltage would not be available'for the' receiving set during nection of the batteries for charging purposes. v vBy suitably connec'tingthe Erods 108 and 114 tothe receiving set, the -battery voltage is applied thereto. The prods 115,v

117, 119 and -121'are connected at intermediate points on the battery 64'or the purpose or providing convenient fractional voltages, particularly useful on the'detectortube of the receiving set. f The .voltage between the various prods'115, 117, 119,121 is approximatel two lvolts.,v l

In t e arrangement shown in Fig. 12, the

l Vterminals 71,72, 74, 8O to 83, '85 to 88 and "108, 114,- 115, 117 ,v 119 and 121, are lplaced upon Vthe switch plate 69.v This switc "carries the switch shown in Fig. 13. v The prods'82,83,108,114,115,117,119,121, Vmay be placed on a switch late, such as that shownin my application plate also recessed in the front of the container.'

Fig. 11 shows'a wiring diagram of two rectiiers connected for charging :mA-battery.

o This arrangement comprlses a batteryl primary rectiiers'128 and 129, a transformer having .a

130 and a seondary'131.-y The primary of the transformer is connected to two terminals 132 land133, which may be connected to the domestic lighting circuit. One

end of the secondary 131 'connected to one yelement 134 of the rectifier* 129 and the other endof the secondary is connected to a cor responding element 135 of the rectifier, `128. vThe other elements"136 of the rectiiiers ar'e connected together and connected toa termi- 'nal 137. Theterminal 138 is connected 4to the positive side 139 of the battery. A convductor 140 connects the'n'egative terminal of the battery to the middle Apoint of thesecondary 131 of the transformer.' The terminals i141l and 142 are placed upon the switch plate carrying the other terminals and these two terminals are connected together by a conductor 143. A switch is furnished with the apparatus for connecting terminals 137 and connecting terminals 138 and 141 ytogether for operating the receiving set. A chokecoil thatA the full series the parallel or multiple conerin No. 649,461-,1

Ilargely to the combination of battery,

tor 140 and at the other end with the terminal 145. A resistance 146 is connected to the negative side of the battery and terminals 147, 148, 149 and'150 are connected ,at intervals to the resistance 146. A conductor 151 is provided witha the terminals 147 to 150 to vary thevoltage on the filaments of the tubes. Each terminal of the battery 127 is so del signed that a grip may be plugged thereon so that therequiredvoltages may secured fonoperating tubes designed for various fractional voltages. The connections therefor arel'shown yiii dotted lines in Fig. 11. By this arrangement one and one-half to 151 andthe wire 152 and three'to four volts between the wire 151 and the wire 153.' The conductor 151 leads to the receiving set.

By the arrangement shown in Fig. 11, both peaks of the'alternating current vwaves are utilized in char 'ng the battery 127 and, by the 'provision o the choke coil 144 in the circuit, as shown, the receiving set may be operated while the battery is connected to the line without any objectionable noise. When it is desired to operate the receiving set and, .at the same time connect the battery'to the line,

Y,the terminals 137 and 138 are connected together and the lwire 154, leading to the receivv.

grip so that it may be placed '1Z0 upon 'any one of easily be ing set is plugged onto the prod 145 and any j noise which might otherwise be detected in the set iseiectively'eliminated.

y I have discovered that it is not necessary to provide a choke coil for noiseless reception while the batter is connected-to the line when the signas are comlngl in at full strength, but when the signals'are weak and maximum regeneration is required it isnecessary to use the choke coil for noiseless reception. 1

I have discovered also that when the device yshown' is used while-the battery is connected ftothe line theA` energy for operating the receiving set issupphed direct rom'the line 'andthe battery is not charged substantially .during thls period. The batter Aacts to smooth out the impulses and, lthere ore, plays Van important part in the operation.

' 'In 'the arrangement shown `in Fig. -10 the "condenser'is necessary at all times when the set 1s being used with the battery on the line. ,.In both alternating current and direct current the provision of means whereby the set `may be usedwhile'the battery is connected ,on the llne 1s a guarantee against failure of i the set during a concert on account of failure ofbattery. What are known as connec- .tor cells may be substituted in my combilnation and a battery dispensed with com- `pletely and noiseless operation secured.

l138 together to charge the battery and for I believe that the excellent results secured by the combination above described is due choke coil` and an electrolytic rectifier and prefer to use a rectifier in which the elements are composed of tantalum and lead.

Fig. 9 shows a section of a battery vent and cap. The threaded portion 155 of the cap is tapered so that upon unscrewing the ca a few turns, the gases from the battery during the charging operation may freely escape without completely removing the cap from the battery. The portion 156 of the vent is also tapered to correspond with the taper on the portion 155 so that when the cap is screwed down tight it revents leakage of the electrolyte from the battery. The cap is provided with the usual vent opening so that the normal gases discharged from the battery may pass out through the vent in the ordinary wayo From the foregoing, it will be evident that my invention has many advantages, among which may be mentioned that all of the battery elements and switching apparatus are assembled in one unit and terminals provided at convenient points for varying the connections to the batteries so as to vary the voltage upon the various elements of the rev ceiving set; the various contacts and conductors are either made of metal which is inert to the action of battery gases or they are coated or encased in material which is inert to the battery gases so that the objectionable corrosion present in the battery arrangements as heretofore constructed is entirely eliminated with the result that the appearance of the outfit is much improved and also the connections are much more effective and the objection from noises due to defective connections is entirely eliminated; means, such as a blocking condenser in the direct current setup and the choke coil in the alternating current set-up, are provided whereby the receiving set be used while the battery 1s connected tothe line thus avoiding the obj ection of having the battery become discharged during a concert or other period'of entertainment; the spaces between the various elements are utilized for the Wiring, and sealing compound is placed over and around the conductors so as to securely hold them in place and, at the same time, to completely cover and encase theml in a material which protects them from` the action of the battery gases. This arrangement adds greatly to the appearance of the battery unit and, at the same time, prolonga the life or the conductors by protecting them. I

Many other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art. y

Many slight changes may be made in many of the details without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim: y

1. In radio apparatus, the combination of a container, a plurality of batteries in sald container, each of said batteriescomprising an even number of cells, two rectlers in sald container for charging said batteries, conductors for connecting said batteries and rectiiers together, certain of said conductors extending to the mid-points of the batteries and a movable switching means which in one position connects the batteries in series and disconnects the rectiers therefrom and in another position connects the proper pole of one rectilier with all of the positive poles of the batteries, the opposite pole of the other rectifier with all the negative poles of the batteries, the mid-points of the batteries and the other poles of the rectifiers being adapted for connection with an appropriate source of alternating current.

2. In radio apparatus, a plurality of storage batteries, each of said batteries havin an even number of cells, a suitable source of alternating current for charging said batteries, two rectifiers for suitably modifying the current deiivered to said batteries, conductors for connecting said batteries to the rectifiers and source of alternating current, certain'of said conductors being connected to the midpoints of the batteries, and a manually operated switching device which in one position connects the proper pole of one rectifier with all the positive poles of the batteries, the opposite pole of the other rectifier with all the negative poles of the batteries, the mid-points of the batteries and the other poles of the rectifiers to the source of alternating current and in another position disconnects the rectiiiers and source of alternating current from the batteries and connects said batteries in series.

3, In radio apparatus, a plurality of storage batteries, each of said batteries comprislng an even number of cells, two rectiiiers for charging said batteries, a single transformer for supplying alternating current of the desired voltage to said rectiiiers, conductors for suitably connecting the batteries, rectiiers and transformer together, certain of said conductors extending to mid-positions with respect to the cells of the batteries and manually operated switching means for either connecting the batteries in series and disconnecting the rectifiers and transformer therefrom when it is desired to usb said batteries or for connecting the proper terminal of one rectiiier to all the positive terminals of the batteries, the opposite terminal ofthe other rectifier to all the negative terminals of the batteries, and the mid-points of the batteries and the other terminals of the rectifiers to the transformer for charging said batteries.

4. In an electrical power apparatus, lthe combination of a single casing, a storage battery therein, a rectifier within the casing spaced from the storage battery, terminal means for making connections with outside circuits and between the storage battery and rectifier, and means for dissipating the heat enerated durinthe operation of the rectier whereby the eat w111 be prevented from affecting the storage battery, said means comprising ventilated members disposed respec.-

tively against the storage battery and rectler and acting as heat insulators.

RAYMONDA; KLOCK. 

